Description
GENERAL INFORMATION
Berseem is a fast growing, high quality forage that is mainly cut and fed as green chopped forage. Flowers are yellowish-white in color. Berseem can be sown alone or in combination with other species. It is mixed with grass (ryegrass) or with a winter cereal crop such as oats to make high quality silage.
SOIL
This crop gives best result when grown in Medium to heavy soil. It can be grown on sandy loam soil but it requires frequent irrigations. It improves physical, chemical and biological properties of soil and thus improves its fertility status.
LAND PREPARATION
For sowing, use leveled land so that water logging conditions will not appeared during growth period. Carry out planking operation after each ploughing
SOWING
Time of sowing
Last week of September to first week of October is best time of sowing.
Spacing
Sowing broadcasting method is used.
Sowing Depth
Depending upon weather conditions, Broadcast seeds in standing water (water depth 4-5 cm). Complete sowing in evening hours.
Method of sowing
Berseem is sown by broadcasting method.
SEED
Seed Rate
Use seed free from weeds. Before sowing put seeds in water and remove seeds which floats on water. Use seed rate of 8 to 10 kg seeds.
For getting good yield, mix 750 gm of mustard seed along with berseem seeds.
Seed Treatment
Before sowing, treat seeds with Rhizobium culture. Mixed one packet of Rhizobium culture in 10% gur solution and then rub this mixture on seeds. Dry them in shade.
FERTILIZER
Fertilizer Requirement (kg/acre)
| UREA | SSP | MURIATE OF POTASH | ZINC |
| 22 | 185 | # | # |
Nutrient Requirement (kg/acre)
| NITROGEN | PHOSPHORUS | POTASH |
| 10 | 30 | # |
Apply N:P in ratio of 10:30 kg in form of Urea@22 kg and Superphosphate@185 kg/acre at sowing time.
WEED CONTROL
Bueen is serious weeds of Berseem crop. To control this weed before sowing, spray Fluchloralin @ 400 ml/200 Litres of water per acre on seed bed.
IRRIGATION
Apply first irrigation, within 3 to 5 days in light soil and 6-8 days in heavy soils. Remaining irrigation should be applied at 8-10 days interval in summer and 10-15 days during winter.
HARVESTING
Crop is ready to harvest 50 days after sowing. After then take cutting with 40 days interval in winter and 30 days interval in spring. Berseem can be mixed with 20% ground maize to provide high quality silage
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